I. Installation-related causes
1. Head/tail drive pulley axes are not perpendicular to the conveyor centerline, causing uneven tension on both sides.
2. Idler brackets are tilted; idler axes are not perpendicular to the direction of belt travel.
3. The conveyor frame is deformed or tilted; overall levelness exceeds tolerance limits.
4. Belt splice is misaligned; circumferences on both sides differ, causing uneven force distribution during operation.
II. Component wear/abnormality-related causes
1. Material buildup or uneven wear on pulley surfaces; excessive diameter difference between the two sides.
2. Idlers are seized, missing, or rotate sluggishly; support fails on one side.
3. Belt aging, deformation, or edge wear from long-term use; tension imbalance between the two sides.
4. Uneven force on the tensioning device; tensioning carriage movement is unsynchronized.
III. Load/material-related causes
1. Off-center loading point; material accumulates on one side, causing unbalanced belt loading.
2. Round or rolling materials generate lateral forces, pushing the belt off-track.
3. Unequal angles or baffle lengths on the two sides of the plow unloader; excessive force on one side.
IV. Environmental and other causes
1. High or low temperatures cause belt deformation and reduced elasticity.
2. Outdoor environmental factors (wind, rain, snow) interfere with belt operation.
3. Uneven pressure from the belt cleaner; extra tension on one side triggers mistracking.
